a.adeyemi

TL2 Moderator · Groningen

Contributes reviews on supplier material. Based in Groningen.

Joined 18 March 2025 · last posted 3d

93 posts, newest first. Showing up to 150.

Tracking a shortage from primary sources rather than rumour Replied, post #123 · Access › Shortages · 25 Jul 2026 · 12 likes Picking up post #120: that is the part I would want checked first. Resuming after a gap: after a gap of days or a few weeks, most people resume at the dose they were on…
Coming back to: Reconciling a supplier certificate with an independent result Replied, post #29 · Sourcing › Vendor reports · 22 Jul 2026 · 9 likes Picking up post #26: that is the part I would want checked first. Pattern across lots: a single result is a data point. Three or four results from the same supplier…
Coming back to: Batch date after test date, and other internal inconsistencies Replied, post #19 · Analytics › COA interpretation · 20 Jul 2026 · 13 likes Sterility testing is separate: chromatographic purity, mass spectrometry, and endotoxin testing all say nothing about whether a solution is sterile. If sterility…
When a dose reduction is the correct response to a side effect Replied, post #40 · Practice › Dosing & titration · 18 Jul 2026 · 0 likes For anyone arriving from a search: the marked solution above is the direct answer, and the replies underneath it add the caveats that make it safe to use.
Here for the analytics and not much else Replied, post #14 · Lounge › Introductions · 10 Jul 2026 · 30 likes Practical note that does not fit anywhere else. Whatever you conclude from this topic, write down what you did and when. The single most useful thing in your own…
[2026 update] Detection wavelength and why 214 nm and 280 nm disagree Replied, post #24 · Analytics › HPLC & UHPLC · 10 Jul 2026 · 0 likes post #23 answers the question as asked. The question underneath it is different. Method validation is the demonstration that a method can separate the compound from its…
How much context is too much context in a first post? Replied, post #61 · Start Here › How to Ask · 9 Jul 2026 · 2 likes Context that matters: compound, how long in, current dose, relevant history. Context that does not matter: how you feel, your hopes for the outcome, your medical…
Insomnia at a dose step: reported experiences — the long version Replied, post #41 · Wellbeing › Sleep · 2 Jul 2026 · 7 likes Coming back to post #39, because the follow-up matters more than the original answer. Apnoea monitoring: if you have diagnosed or suspected sleep apnoea, periodic…
What a regulator's shortage notice actually authorises Replied, post #3 · Sourcing › Regulatory · 30 Jun 2026 · 0 likes This follows post #2 rather than contradicting it. I disagree with the reply above, and I think the disagreement is substantive rather than terminological. The…
Journal club: SUSTAIN 6 and its retinopathy signal Replied, post #7 · Evidence › Journal club · 29 Jun 2026 · 12 likes post #6 answers the question as asked. The question underneath it is different. TRIUMPH (ongoing): Retatrutide phase 3. No results yet. Nothing should be attributed to…
Semaglutide and gastric emptying — the mechanism behind most of the side-effect profile Replied, post #78 · Compounds › Semaglutide · 25 Jun 2026 · 22 likes Is there a ceiling dose beyond which the effect plateaus? The trials did not study that because they stopped at 2.4 mg. Some people report trying higher doses, but…
Second pass at: Absence of evidence and evidence of absence Replied, post #22 · Research Methods › Statistics · 15 Jun 2026 · 13 likes Practical note that does not fit anywhere else. Whatever you conclude from this topic, write down what you did and when. The single most useful thing in your own…
Request: a per-category review queue Replied, post #34 · Meta › Feature requests · 13 Jun 2026 · 23 likes Community support: if other people support your request, they can reply with "+1" or "I would use that too". Widely-requested features are prioritised.
Micronutrient adequacy at low total intake Replied, post #74 · Nutrition & Training › Protein & intake · 12 Jun 2026 · 25 likes Coming back to post #72, because the follow-up matters more than the original answer. Protein targets during weight loss: the standard recommendation is 1.6 to 2.2…
The anatomy of a question that gets answered within an hour Replied, post #75 · Start Here › How to Ask · 12 Jun 2026 · 0 likes For anyone arriving from a search: the marked solution above is the direct answer, and the replies underneath it add the caveats that make it safe to use.
A reconstituted vial's beyond-use date and the reasoning behind common figures Replied, post #92 · Practice › Storage & stability · 8 Jun 2026 · 0 likes I want to gently push back on the reply above about storage extrapolation. The advice is sound and the confidence is not. We are extrapolating from stability data on a…
Batch numbers that do not match the vial label — what changed since Replied, post #28 · Sourcing › Red flags · 3 Jun 2026 · 4 likes Unresponsiveness: a supplier that does not reply to reasonable requests for documentation or clarification is showing you something about how they operate.
Peak-to-trough ratio at steady state for a weekly agent Replied, post #26 · Pharmacology › Pharmacokinetics · 1 Jun 2026 · 0 likes Volume of distribution: the theoretical volume the drug distributes into. For albumin-binding compounds, volume is reduced compared to drugs that do not bind protein.…
Second pass at: A pooled estimate that changed when one trial was added Replied, post #13 · Evidence › Meta-analyses · 25 May 2026 · 5 likes Fixed-effects versus random-effects models: fixed-effects assumes all studies are estimating the same thing and variation is sampling error. Random-effects assumes…
Journal club: indirect comparison between two programmes, defended and attacked Replied, post #61 · Evidence › Journal club · 19 May 2026 · 27 likes SELECT (N Engl J Med 2023): Semaglutide cardiovascular outcomes without diabetes. The first outcome trial in people without diabetes, which decoupled the cardiovascular…
Pancreatitis history and the risk calculus Replied, post #11 · Safety › Contraindications · 18 May 2026 · 6 likes Pregnancy: these compounds are not approved for pregnancy. The potential risks outweigh potential benefits. Planning windows and washout (several months) are the…
Private prescribing in the UK: what is actually involved Replied, post #16 · Regional › UK & Ireland · 16 May 2026 · 28 likes Occupational health screening: some UK occupations require medical checks. Disclosure of weight-loss medication might be relevant to employment screening; understand…
Revisiting: The arithmetic of an intermediate dose between two label steps Replied, post #7 · Practice › Dosing & titration · 13 May 2026 · 8 likes Reaching a dose and staying there for a year: the question of whether a stable dose remains effective over years is mostly answered by the withdrawal trials and by…
Follow-up: Tirzepatide and nausea: is the profile genuinely different or just… Replied, post #19 · Compounds › Tirzepatide · 3 May 2026 · 5 likes The 2.5 mg starting dose is not a therapeutic dose in the sense that weight loss is minimal at that dose. It is a tolerance-testing dose. Confusing the purpose of a…
Journal club: orforglipron phase 2 and the non-peptide question Replied, post #53 · Evidence › Journal club · 2 May 2026 · 3 likes TRIUMPH (ongoing): Retatrutide phase 3. No results yet. Nothing should be attributed to it because it has not finished. When it does, this discussion will return to it.
Coming back to: Why a preprint's supplementary material is often the best part Replied, post #32 · Evidence › Preprints · 17 Apr 2026 · 2 likes post #31 is right about the mechanism and I think understates the practical bit. Do not build anything on a preprint that you would mind rebuilding: if the preprint…
List price versus negotiated price versus what you pay Replied, post #68 · Access › Pricing · 14 Apr 2026 · 0 likes I read post #66 twice before replying, because I had assumed the opposite. International pricing: the same compound costs very different amounts in different countries…
Revisiting: Drawing up with one needle and injecting with another Replied, post #43 · Practice › Administration · 4 Apr 2026 · 27 likes Cold solution and stinging: warming the vial in your hands for a minute before injection reduces the stinging sensation substantially. This is the simplest thing to try…
Adolescents: a distinct evidence base — one year on Replied, post #78 · Clinical › Special populations · 23 Mar 2026 · 18 likes Pregnancy and planning: these compounds are not approved for use in pregnancy. Planning windows (how long to wait before attempting pregnancy) are not formally…
Revisiting: PCOS and metabolic overlap: what is and is not studied Replied, post #9 · Clinical › Comorbidities · 23 Mar 2026 · 0 likes I read post #7 twice before replying, because I had assumed the opposite. Cardiovascular disease: several compounds have cardiovascular outcome trials. SELECT was in…
Completing a dose with a second syringe, and the dead-volume arithmetic Replied, post #18 · Practice › Administration · 23 Mar 2026 · 0 likes post #17 answers the question as asked. The question underneath it is different. Injecting into an area that has become firm: lipohypertrophy — thickened fatty tissue…
Second pass at: Which categories are strict and which are relaxed, honestly Replied, post #27 · Start Here › Welcome · 18 Mar 2026 · 0 likes Thank you for the correction. I have edited my earlier post with a note rather than silently, so the thread still makes sense to read. The error was mine and it was the…
[2026 update] Currency conversion and the cost you did not see Replied, post #12 · Sourcing › Payments · 16 Mar 2026 · 8 likes I disagree with the reply above, and I think the disagreement is substantive rather than terminological. The distinction being drawn does not survive when you look at…
Oral versus injected administration claims for BPC-157 Replied, post #2 · Compounds › Repair & healing peptides · 8 Mar 2026 · 1 like Oral versus injected administration claims for BPC-157: the preclinical work studied injection. Oral claims are common in supplier marketing and poorly supported by…
An ABAB design with a data table and honest limitations — a second dataset Replied, post #39 · Research Methods › N-of-1 designs · 6 Mar 2026 · 23 likes When to run an n-of-1: this design works when you want to know whether a treatment works for you, not whether it works in general. For that purpose, it is efficient.
Nausea profile of amylin analogues compared with GLP-1 agonists Replied, post #36 · Compounds › Cagrilintide & amylin analogues · 2 Mar 2026 · 0 likes The CagriSema phase 2 paper: a fixed combination of the two components in one weekly injection. The trade-off of a fixed combination is that you cannot titrate the…
Completing a dose with a second syringe, and the dead-volume arithmetic Replied, post #9 · Practice › Administration · 25 Feb 2026 · 33 likes Injection discomfort: comes from needle gauge (finer = less discomfort), volume (smaller = less discomfort), temperature (room temperature or warmed is less…
Measurement error in a self-reported exposure Replied, post #73 · Evidence › Study critique · 25 Feb 2026 · 30 likes Coming back to post #71, because the follow-up matters more than the original answer. Building consensus on which criticisms matter: if everyone agrees that the sample…
[2026 update] Amylin and gastric emptying: overlapping mechanisms with incretins Replied, post #3 · Compounds › Cagrilintide & amylin analogues · 24 Feb 2026 · 12 likes Nausea profile of amylin analogues: the historical agent pramlintide required multiple daily doses and had a difficult tolerability profile. A weekly formulation is a…
Storing lyophilised material long term: what governs the shelf life Replied, post #77 · Practice › Storage & stability · 23 Feb 2026 · 10 likes Practical note that does not fit anywhere else. Whatever you conclude from this topic, write down what you did and when. The single most useful thing in your own…
Common supplements people ask about, assessed one at a time — a second dataset Replied, post #54 · Practice › Interactions · 18 Feb 2026 · 18 likes post #53 answers the question as asked. The question underneath it is different. Thyroid medications: semaglutide is associated with a slowing of gastric emptying,…
A payment that went through twice: how it was resolved Replied, post #16 · Sourcing › Payments · 31 Jan 2026 · 0 likes No payment facilitation: this site does not handle payments and does not connect buyers and sellers for the purpose of payment. We discuss logistics and documentation…
A history of disordered eating: proceeding carefully Replied, post #64 · Wellbeing › Mental health · 17 Jan 2026 · 0 likes This follows post #61 rather than contradicting it. Identity and self-image: for some people, weight and body size are central to identity. Large change to body size…
Second pass at: What "verified" means on our vendor pages, stated narrowly Replied, post #58 · Sourcing › Vendor reports · 16 Jan 2026 · 12 likes What "verified" means on our pages: specific lots were independently measured on stated dates by named services and results were consistent with the supplier's…
Interpreting a result that disagrees with the supplier's certificate Replied, post #81 · Sourcing › Independent verification · 15 Jan 2026 · 4 likes Practical note that does not fit anywhere else. Whatever you conclude from this topic, write down what you did and when. The single most useful thing in your own…
Angle of injection and whether 90 degrees is always right Replied, post #81 · Practice › Administration · 12 Jan 2026 · 0 likes Picking up post #78: that is the part I would want checked first. Bleeding at the injection site: normal and usually minimal. A little blood at the needle site after…
Non-inferiority margins: how they are chosen and how they are abused — a second dataset Replied, post #4 · Evidence › Trials · 7 Jan 2026 · 6 likes post #3 answers the question as asked. The question underneath it is different. Intent-to-treat versus per-protocol: ITT includes everyone assigned regardless of…
Citation sweep results: how many references did not say what was claimed Replied, post #17 · Meta › Wiki maintenance · 14 Dec 2025 · 0 likes Coming back to post #15, because the follow-up matters more than the original answer. Scope creep: if a page is attempting too much, suggesting it split into multiple…
Why an oral GLP-1 agonist is a formulation achievement more than a chemistry one Replied, post #83 · Compounds › Oral incretins · 9 Dec 2025 · 26 likes Dose numbers for oral formulations are not comparable to injectable ones. The 14 mg oral dose is not equivalent to any injectable dose in the traditional comparison…
Anxiety in the first weeks: drug, situation, or both — what changed since Replied, post #59 · Wellbeing › Mental health · 6 Dec 2025 · 25 likes post #58 answers the question as asked. The question underneath it is different. For anyone arriving from a search: the marked solution above is the direct answer, and…
Request: a diff view for wiki revisions — the long version Replied, post #71 · Meta › Feature requests · 17 Nov 2025 · 15 likes Duplicate requests: if several people request the same feature, the requests often get merged. Check whether your feature has already been suggested before posting.
Revisiting: Why tirzepatide titration schedules have more steps than semaglutide's Replied, post #82 · Compounds › Tirzepatide · 16 Nov 2025 · 20 likes Thank you for the correction. I have edited my earlier post with a note rather than silently, so the thread still makes sense to read. The error was mine and it was the…
Revisiting: Why tirzepatide titration schedules have more steps than semaglutide's Replied, post #61 · Compounds › Tirzepatide · 13 Nov 2025 · 1 like The GIP component: GIP receptor agonism is thought to amplify the GLP-1 effect on satiety and energy expenditure, but how much of tirzepatide's effect is that and how…
Pinch or no pinch, and how needle length changes the answer Replied, post #125 · Practice › Administration · 23 Oct 2025 · 2 likes Injection discomfort: comes from needle gauge (finer = less discomfort), volume (smaller = less discomfort), temperature (room temperature or warmed is less…
Payment mechanics and the recovery options that do not exist Replied, post #78 · Sourcing › Payments · 22 Oct 2025 · 24 likes Worth separating two things that post #74 runs together. Chargeback reality: if you pay by credit card and the supplier does not deliver, you can attempt a chargeback.…
Documentation that materially improves an appeal's chances Replied, post #33 · Access › Insurance & coverage · 19 Oct 2025 · 1 like Out-of-pocket costs: if insurance is not covering it, asking about patient assistance programmes run by manufacturers can reduce costs. Eligibility requirements exist…
Micronutrient adequacy at low total intake — does this still hold? Replied, post #24 · Nutrition & Training › Protein & intake · 8 Oct 2025 · 22 likes Micronutrition alongside protein: eating protein foods that are also good sources of micronutrients (iron, B vitamins, zinc) solves two problems at once.
Second pass at: Programming during a large energy deficit Replied, post #31 · Nutrition & Training › Resistance training · 7 Oct 2025 · 7 likes Intensity: using weights that allow 6 to 12 reps before fatigue is a reasonable range for preserving muscle. Heavier weights with lower reps can work but require more…
Insurance and replacement policies, compared — the long version Replied, post #20 · Sourcing › Logistics · 27 Sep 2025 · 2 likes Customs outcomes are not predictable at the level of an individual parcel. What is predictable is that consistent, accurate declarations correlate with fewer…
Persistent vomiting and the threshold for seeking help Replied, post #28 · Safety › Adverse events · 3 Sep 2025 · 22 likes Where to report: in many countries there is a pharmacovigilance system where adverse events can be reported. FDA MedWatch in the US, Yellow Card in UK, EudraVigilance…
The nausea timeline across the first four weeks, with a tabulated log Replied, post #27 · Practice › Side effects · 31 Aug 2025 · 17 likes Recognition and grading: nausea ranges from "noticeable" to "limiting". Constipation ranges from mild to severe. Having language to describe the magnitude helps you…
Trial registration and comparing the protocol with the paper Replied, post #32 · Evidence › Trials · 24 Aug 2025 · 11 likes Risk of bias: structured appraisal of internal validity. Key things to assess: randomisation method (was it truly random or could someone predict the next assignment),…
Reading a supplier's product description as a marketing document Replied, post #58 · Compounds › Other compounds · 16 Aug 2025 · 11 likes For anyone arriving from a search: the marked solution above is the direct answer, and the replies underneath it add the caveats that make it safe to use.
About the Administration category Replied, post #10 · Practice › Administration · 9 Aug 2025 · 0 likes On post #6 — agreed on the reasoning, with one qualification. Cold solution and stinging: warming the vial in your hands for a minute before injection reduces the…
Coming back to: Resolution and tailing factor: real acceptance criteria Replied, post #22 · Analytics › HPLC & UHPLC · 31 Jul 2025 · 0 likes Before anything else: what was the gradient, and at what wavelength? Area percent at different wavelengths is not the same number even on the same sample because…
Second pass at: A history of disordered eating: proceeding carefully Replied, post #99 · Wellbeing › Mental health · 29 Jul 2025 · 0 likes Substance use: if someone has a history of substance use, appetite suppression and weight loss can shift thinking about body and substance use. This is a risk factor…
Temperature loggers worth the money Replied, post #11 · Devices › Cold chain · 22 Jul 2025 · 2 likes Reconstituted solutions: once reconstituted, solutions are less stable than lyophilised powder. Refrigerate prepared solutions immediately after preparation. Most…
What a 2 ppm match establishes, and what it does not Replied, post #32 · Analytics › Mass spectrometry · 10 Jul 2025 · 0 likes Quantitation by MS: most quantitation is done by LC-UV detection at 214 nm, not by MS, because extinction coefficients are better known. MS can quantify if an internal…
Whether an aggregate is worth publishing at all: a disputed topic Replied, post #15 · Data & Tools › Datasets · 26 Jun 2025 · 20 likes Community-collected datasets: some members have compiled datasets from their own experience and shared them. They are self-reported, unblinded, and therefore limited as…
The CagriSema phase 2 paper and what a fixed combination buys — the long version Replied, post #76 · Compounds › Cagrilintide & amylin analogues · 12 Jun 2025 · 1 like Coming back to post #74, because the follow-up matters more than the original answer. Practical note that does not fit anywhere else. Whatever you conclude from this…
Second pass at: Retatrutide mass and identity: what a report should show Replied, post #66 · Compounds › Retatrutide · 11 Jun 2025 · 10 likes This follows post #63 rather than contradicting it. The phase 2 obesity paper reported dose-dependent weight reduction of a magnitude that attracted attention. It also…
Second pass at: How to research a compound with no human data without deceiving yourself Replied, post #64 · Compounds › Other compounds · 9 Jun 2025 · 1 like How to research a compound with no human data: mechanistic plausibility is one input. Preclinical data is another. The honest position is that you are reasoning from…
Pre-registering a personal experiment, seriously Replied, post #118 · Research Methods › N-of-1 designs · 4 Jun 2025 · 5 likes Picking up post #115: that is the part I would want checked first. Stopping rules: decide in advance when you will stop measuring (after a defined duration, after a…
Ipamorelin selectivity claims and where they came from Replied, post #39 · Compounds › Secretagogues & GH axis · 20 May 2025 · 3 likes post #38 is right about the mechanism and I think understates the practical bit. Pulsatile secretion matters because growth hormone is secreted in pulses, not…
Second pass at: Designing a personal experiment that could change your mind Replied, post #8 · Research Methods › N-of-1 designs · 17 May 2025 · 20 likes I disagree with the reply above, and I think the disagreement is substantive rather than terminological. The distinction being drawn does not survive when you look at…
Tirzepatide in type 2 diabetes: the SURPASS programme, summarised honestly Replied, post #86 · Compounds › Tirzepatide · 16 May 2025 · 8 likes Nausea profile: some people report tirzepatide as less nausea-prone than semaglutide, others report it as more. The trial reported gastrointestinal effects broadly…
Adjudicated events and why the definition matters — the long version Replied, post #126 · Evidence › Trials · 29 Apr 2025 · 31 likes Coming back to post #124, because the follow-up matters more than the original answer. Confounding in observational data: a third variable can explain an apparent…
Delayed gastric emptying and oral medication absorption: which drugs matter Replied, post #52 · Practice › Interactions · 18 Apr 2025 · 22 likes post #51 answers the question as asked. The question underneath it is different. Oral medications versus time: if you take an oral medication 30 minutes before…
Counter-ion form: the field almost nobody reports — one year on Replied, post #109 · Analytics › COA interpretation · 22 Mar 2025 · 10 likes Coming back to post #107, because the follow-up matters more than the original answer. Amino acid analysis gives content: it hydrolyses the peptide and quantifies the…
Charge states for a 4 kDa peptide, worked through Replied, post #134 · Analytics › Mass spectrometry · 17 Mar 2025 · 5 likes Desalting before analysis: some samples need desalting to remove salts that suppress the peptide signal. Report whether desalting was used, because it can affect the…
Talking to a therapist about this specifically — does this still hold? Replied, post #28 · Wellbeing › Mental health · 11 Mar 2025 · 1 like Support and community: some people process weight change through community (online or in-person). Others prefer privacy. Knowing what you need and seeking it…
Second pass at: Cross-border purchase within the EU: the actual rules Replied, post #90 · Access › International · 10 Mar 2025 · 0 likes On post #86 — agreed on the reasoning, with one qualification. Practical note that does not fit anywhere else. Whatever you conclude from this topic, write down what…
Biased agonism: a real phenomenon, an over-used explanation Replied, post #43 · Pharmacology › Receptor biology · 5 Mar 2025 · 0 likes This follows post #40 rather than contradicting it. GIP receptor signalling: the glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide receptor (GIP) is involved in…
A 10 mg vial reconstituted three different ways, compared — the long version Replied, post #16 · Practice › Reconstitution · 26 Feb 2025 · 33 likes Coming back to post #14, because the follow-up matters more than the original answer. Why "add 2 mL" is not an instruction: the powder in the vial takes up space. "Add…
Identical chromatograms across two different lots Replied, post #70 · Sourcing › Red flags · 1 Jan 2025 · 29 likes Unresponsiveness: a supplier that does not reply to reasonable requests for documentation or clarification is showing you something about how they operate.
Why "any advice?" is the least effective ending for a post Replied, post #116 · Start Here › How to Ask · 7 Dec 2024 · 0 likes post #115 is right about the mechanism and I think understates the practical bit. Five questions in one post gets you one answer: the easiest one, usually not the one…
UK access routes, dated and sourced — a second dataset Replied, post #6 · Regional › UK & Ireland · 11 Nov 2024 · 0 likes On post #2 — agreed on the reasoning, with one qualification. Regional variation in NHS: access varies dramatically by region depending on local commissioning decisions…
Food noise reducing and the disorientation that can follow Replied, post #38 · Wellbeing › Mental health · 11 Nov 2024 · 10 likes Sleep and mental health: these compounds can affect sleep for some people. Sleep deprivation worsens mood and anxiety. Addressing sleep separately from mood matters.
Revisiting: How to bring a laboratory report to an appointment usefully Replied, post #118 · Clinical › Bloodwork · 17 Oct 2024 · 4 likes Reference intervals: constructed to contain the central 95% of a reference population, which means one in twenty healthy people falls outside one by definition. Add…
Second pass at: Hoarding and why it makes a shortage worse Replied, post #40 · Access › Shortages · 10 Oct 2024 · 18 likes Coming back to post #38, because the follow-up matters more than the original answer. Allocation and rationing: during severe shortages, suppliers might ration…
Request: a diff view for wiki revisions Replied, post #14 · Meta › Feature requests · 30 Sep 2024 · 6 likes Community support: if other people support your request, they can reply with "+1" or "I would use that too". Widely-requested features are prioritised.
Second pass at: Sodium, potassium and magnesium when intake drops Replied, post #24 · Nutrition & Training › Hydration & electrolytes · 3 Aug 2024 · 0 likes Picking up post #21: that is the part I would want checked first. Potassium: similar to sodium; losing weight involves some potassium loss. Bananas, sweet potatoes, and…
Splitting a weekly dose in two: the pharmacokinetic argument against — the long version Replied, post #144 · Practice › Dosing & titration · 10 Jul 2024 · 25 likes This follows post #141 rather than contradicting it. How the published trials escalated: they used specific step sizes and intervals. The STEP programme used a…